The Ismaili Muslims follow a living Imam in direct lineal descent from Prophet Muhammad and Imam 'Ali b. Even then, a large number of Muslims such as certain Sufi groups in South Asia, the esoteric Shia groups like the Ahl-i Haqq and Alawis and Alevis in the Middle East, and other Muslim groups do not practice the Namaz as the mandatory prayer-form. The procedures of what is today called Namaz or Salah as practiced by most Sunni Muslims are the result of the Sunni Jurists and Ulama interpreting the Qur'an and Sunni Hadith corpus. All of this is based on historical analysis using the Quran as a historical document.
Sulayman on Qur'an 96:19 which talks about how the Pagans used to perform sujud, qiyam and ruku' in a different sequence from the Prophet Muhammad. The Qur'an also states that the Pagan Arabs before Prophet Muhammad already prayed in the same way as Prophet Muhammad's community, except that the Prophet did some of the same actions in a different order - this is reported in the earliest Tafsir of Muqatil b. For example, historians know that the Prophet's prayer-form included recitation of some Qur'an verses and it included bowing and prostrating.
The prayer-form that most Muslims use today - called Namaz or Salah - was not taught by the Prophet Muhammad himself it was actually derived and interpreted by the Sunni jurists during the first 200 years after the Prophet and validated by the Sunni legal tool of ijma or "consensus of the scholars." Whatever prayer-form the Prophet Muhammad actually taught and used is not known today and scholars can only find a few minute details about it from the Qur'an. Why do Ismailis Pray Dua instead of Namaz like many other Muslims?
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